5 common social engineering techniques used by hackers and how to avoid them
Social engineering is a technique used by cybercriminals to manipulate individuals to disclose confidential information or perform actions that may compromise the security of information systems, whether it is personal data or data of the organization they work for. The success of social engineering is based on exploiting human weaknesses such as curiosity, fear, greed, and trust. In this article, we will discuss 5 common social engineering techniques used by hackers and how you can avoid them.
Phishing
Phishing or online “fishing” is the most common social engineering technique used by hackers. It involves sending fraudulent emails or text messages that appear to come from a legitimate source, such as a bank or online store. The message usually contains a link to a fake website that looks like the real one. When the user enters their login credentials, the hacker intercepts them and gains access to the user’s account. To avoid falling victim to phishing attacks, always check the email address or phone number of the sender and avoid clicking on suspicious links.
Pretexting
Pretexting is a type of social engineering that involves creating a fake scenario to gain access to confidential information. For example, an attacker might impersonate a company employee and call the help desk to request access to a sensitive file. The hacker may use social engineering tactics such as creating a sense of urgency or fear to pressure the target to disclose the information. To avoid a pretexting attack, always verify the identity of the person requesting the information and follow the company’s security protocols.
Baiting
Baiting is a social engineering technique that involves offering an item of value to entice the target to reveal confidential information or perform an action. For example, a hacker might leave a USB drive in a public place with a label that reads “Payroll Data”. When someone takes the USB drive and plugs it into their computer, they install malware that steals their login credentials. To avoid a baiting attack, never plug in a USB drive from an unknown source and report any suspicious devices to the IT department.
Tailgating
Tailgating is a social engineering technique that involves following a person in a restricted area without permission. For example, a hacker might pretend to be a delivery person and ask an employee to hold the door open for him or her to pass through. Once inside, the hacker can gain access to sensitive information or commit theft of company assets. To avoid a tailgating attack, always ask for identification from anyone you don’t recognize and report any suspicious activity to your organization’s cybersecurity department.
Spear phishing
Spear phishing is a targeted social engineering technique that involves collecting information about the target to personalize the attack. For example, a hacker may research the target’s social media profiles and use the information to create a personalized email that appears to come from a friend or colleague. The message may contain a link to a fake website that captures the target’s login credentials. To avoid a spear phishing attack, limit the flow of personal information you share online and verify the sender’s identity before clicking on links.
In conclusion, social engineering attacks are becoming increasingly sophisticated and it is important to remain vigilant to be able to avoid them. By understanding the common social engineering techniques used by hackers and following the best practices listed above, you can protect yourself and your organization from cyberattacks. Remember to always verify the identity of the person requesting information and report any suspicious activity to your organization’s cybersecurity department.
